a) Ta có \(I = \dfrac{P}{{4\pi {d^2}}} \Rightarrow \dfrac{{{I_2}}}{{{I_2}}} = {\left( {\dfrac{{{d_1}}}{{{d_2}}}} \right)^2}(1)\)
\(L = 10\log \dfrac{I}{{{I_0}}}(dB)\\ \Rightarrow {L_2} - {L_1} = 10\log \dfrac{{{I_2}}}{{{I_1}}}(2)\)
Từ (1)(2)\( \Rightarrow {L_2} - {L_1} = 20\log \dfrac{{{d_1}}}{{{d_2}}}(dB)\)
\(\begin{array}{l} \Rightarrow {L_2} - {L_1} = 20\log \dfrac{R}{{R - D}}\\ \Leftrightarrow 7 = 20\log \dfrac{R}{{R - 62}} \Rightarrow R = 112m\end{array}\)
b) Ta có, mức cường độ âm:
\(\begin{array}{l}L = 10\log \dfrac{I}{{{I_0}}}(dB)\\ \Leftrightarrow 73 = 10\log \dfrac{I}{{{{10}^{ - 12}}}}\\ \Rightarrow I = {2.10^{ - 5}}{\rm{(W}}/{m^2})\end{array}\)
Lại có:
\(I = \dfrac{P}{{4\pi {d^2}}} \\\Rightarrow P = 4\pi {d^2}I \\= 4\pi {.112^2}{.2.10^{ - 5}} = 3,15W\)