a) Ta có:
+) \( \sqrt {25 - 16} = \sqrt 9 =\sqrt{3^2}= 3.\)
+) \( \sqrt {25} - \sqrt {16} \)\(= \sqrt{5^2}-\sqrt{4^2}\)\(=5 - 4 = 1 \).
Vì \(3>1 \Leftrightarrow \sqrt {25 - 16}>\sqrt {25} - \sqrt {16} \).
Vậy \(\sqrt {25 - 16} > \sqrt {25} - \sqrt {16} \)
b) Với \(a > b > 0\) ta có \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}\sqrt a > \sqrt b \\a - b > 0\end{array} \right. \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}\sqrt a - \sqrt b > 0\\\sqrt {a - b} > 0\end{array} \right.\)
Xét \(\sqrt a - \sqrt b < \sqrt {a - b} \) , bình phương hai vế ta được \({\left( {\sqrt a - \sqrt b } \right)^2} < {\left( {\sqrt {a - b} } \right)^2} \)\(\Leftrightarrow {\left( {\sqrt a } \right)^2} - 2.\sqrt a .\sqrt b + {\left( {\sqrt b } \right)^2} < a - b\)
\( \Leftrightarrow a - 2\sqrt {ab} + b < a - b \)\(\Leftrightarrow 2b - 2\sqrt {ab} < 0\)
\( \Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt b \left( {\sqrt b - \sqrt a } \right) < 0\) luôn đúng vì \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}\sqrt b > 0\\\sqrt b - \sqrt a < 0\,\left( {do\,0 < b < a} \right)\end{array} \right.\)
Vậy \(\sqrt a - \sqrt b < \sqrt {a - b} \) với \(a > b > 0.\)
