a)
\(\eqalign{
& \sqrt {4{{(a - 3)}^2}} = \sqrt 4 .\sqrt {{{(a - 3)}^2}} \cr
& = 2.\left| {a - 3} \right| = 2(a - 3)\,(do\,a ≥ 3) \cr} \)
b)
\(\eqalign{
& \sqrt {9{{(b - 2)}^2}} = \sqrt 9 \sqrt {{{(b - 2)}^2}} \cr
& = 3.\left| {b - 2} \right| = 3(2 - b) \,(do\,b<2)\cr} \)
c)
\(\eqalign{
& \sqrt {{a^2}{{(a + 1)}^2}} = \sqrt {{a^2}} .\sqrt {{{(a + 1)}^2}} \cr
& = \left| a \right|.\left| {a + 1} \right| = a(a + 1) \,\,(do\,\,a>0)\cr} \)
d)
\(\eqalign{
& \sqrt {{b^2}{{(b - 1)}^2}} = \sqrt {{b^2}} .\sqrt {{{(b - 1)}^2}} \cr
& = \left| b \right|.\left| {b - 1} \right| = - b(1 - b) \,(do\,\,b<0)\cr} \)