Bài 1.
a) \(a:\left( {a + {1 \over a}} \right) = a:{{{a^2} + 1} \over a} \)
\(\;= a.{a \over {{a^2} + 1}} = {{{a^2}} \over {{a^2} + 1}}.\)
b) \(\left( {{a \over b} + {b \over a} - 2} \right):\left( {{1 \over b} - {1 \over a}} \right) \)
\(\;= {{{a^2} + {b^2} - 2ab} \over {ab}}:{{a - b} \over {ab}}\)
\(\;= {{{{\left( {a - b} \right)}^2}} \over {ab}}.{{ab} \over {a - b}} = a - b.\)
Bài 2.
\(P = {{{{\left( {x - y} \right)}^2}} \over {{x^2} - xy + {y^2}}}:{{x - y} \over {{x^3} + {y^3}}}\)
\(\;\;\;\;= {{{{\left( {x - y} \right)}^2}} \over {{x^2} - xy + {y^2}}}.{{{x^3} + {y^3}} \over {x - y}}\)
\(\;\;\;\; = \left( {x - y} \right)\left( {x + y} \right) = {x^2} - {y^2}.\)
Bài 3.
\(Q = {{{a^2}\left( {a + b} \right) - {a^3}} \over {{{\left( {a + b} \right)}^2}}}:{{a\left( {a - b} \right) - {a^2}} \over {{a^2} - {b^2}}}\)
\(\;\;\;\;= {{{a^2}b} \over {{{\left( {a + b} \right)}^2}}}.{{{a^2} - {b^2}} \over { - ab}} = - {{a\left( {a - b} \right)} \over {a + b}} = {{ab - {a^2}} \over {a + b}}.\)