a) \({n_{HCl}} = {{1,46} \over {35,5}} = 0,04\) mol
\(HCl \to {H^ + } + C{l^ - }\)
\(0,04 \to 0,04\)
\( \Rightarrow \left[ {{H^ + }} \right] = {{0,04} \over {0,4}} = {10^{ - 1}}M \)
\(\Rightarrow pH = - \lg {10^{ - 1}} = 1\)
b) \({n_{HCl}} = 0,1\,\,mol;\,\,{n_{NaOH}} = 0,4.0,375 = 0,15\,(mol)\)
\(HCl \to {H^ + } + C{l^ - }\)
\(0,1 \to 0,1\)
\(\eqalign{ & NaOH \to N{a^ + } + O{H^ - } \cr & 0,15\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \to \,\,0,15 \cr} \)
\({H^ + } + O{H^ - } \to {H_2}O\)
Trước phản ứng: 0,1 0,15
Phản ứng: \(0,1 \to 0,1\)
Sau phản ứng: 0 0,05
\(\eqalign{ & \Rightarrow {n_{O{H^ - }}}_\text{dư} = 0,05\,\,mol \cr&\Rightarrow {\left[ {O{H^ - }} \right]_\text{dư}} = {{{n_{OH^-_\text{dư}}}} \over V} = {{0,05} \over {0,5}} = {10^{ - 1}}M \cr & \Rightarrow pOH = - \lg \left[ {O{H^ - }} \right] = - \lg {10^{ - 1}} = 1 \cr&\Rightarrow pH = 13 \cr} \)
