Bài 45 trang 27 SGK Toán 9 tập 1

So sánh:

a) \(3\sqrt 3 \)  và \(\sqrt {12} \)

b) \(7\) và \(3\sqrt 5 \)

c) \(\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{51}\)  và \(\dfrac{1}{5}\sqrt{150};\)

d) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{6}\)  và \(6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}}\).

Lời giải

a) Ta có:

\(3\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3^2.3}=\sqrt{9.3}=\sqrt{27}\).

Vì \( 27>12 \Leftrightarrow \sqrt{27} > \sqrt{12}\)

                   \(\Leftrightarrow 3\sqrt{3} >\sqrt{12}\).

Vậy: \(3\sqrt{3}>\sqrt{12}\).

b) Ta có: 

\(7=\sqrt{7^2}=\sqrt{49}\).

\(3\sqrt{5}=\sqrt{3^2.5}=\sqrt{9.5}=\sqrt{45}\).

Vì \(49> 45 \Leftrightarrow \sqrt {49}> \sqrt {45} \Leftrightarrow 7 >3\sqrt 5\).

Vậy: \(7>3\sqrt{5}\).

c) Ta có:

 \(\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{51}= \sqrt {{\left(\dfrac{1}{3} \right)}^2.51 }  = \sqrt {\dfrac{1}{9}.51}  = \sqrt {\dfrac{51}{9}} \)

\(= \sqrt {\dfrac{3.17}{3.3}}  = \sqrt {\dfrac{17}{3}} \).

 \(\dfrac{1}{5}\sqrt{150}= \sqrt {{\left(\dfrac{1}{5} \right)}^2.150 }  = \sqrt {\dfrac{1}{25}.150}  = \sqrt {\dfrac{150}{25}} \)

\(= \sqrt {\dfrac{6.25}{25}}  = \sqrt {6}=\sqrt{\dfrac{18}{3}} \).

Vì \( \dfrac{17}{3} <\dfrac{18}{3} \Leftrightarrow \sqrt{\dfrac{17}{3}} < \sqrt{\dfrac{18}{3}}\)

                        \(\Leftrightarrow \dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{51} <\dfrac{1}{5}\sqrt{150}\).

Vậy: \( \dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{51} <\dfrac{1}{5}\sqrt{150}\).

d) Ta có:

 \(\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{6}= \sqrt {{\left(\dfrac{1}{2} \right)}^2.6 }  = \sqrt {\dfrac{1}{4}.6}  = \sqrt {\dfrac{6}{4}} = \sqrt {\dfrac{2.3}{2.2}}  \)

\(= \sqrt {\dfrac{3}{2}} \).

\(6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}}=\sqrt{6^2.\dfrac{1}{2}}=\sqrt{36.\dfrac{1}{2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{36}{2}}\).

Vì \( \dfrac{3}{2}<\dfrac{36}{2} \Leftrightarrow \sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}}< \sqrt{\dfrac{36}{2}}\)

                       \(\Leftrightarrow \dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{6} <6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}}\).

Vậy: \(\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{6}<6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}}\).


Quote Of The Day

“Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I'm not sure about the universe.”